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Version 1.7
January 23, 1995
R E F E R E N C E M A N U A L
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________________________________________________________________________
_______________
TABLE OF CONTENTS
_______________
1. Introduction ................................................ 3
2. Configuring notGNU .......................................... 4
2.1 Window Settings: Size, Font, Colors, MenuBar .......... 4
2.2 Alternative command interpreters ...................... 4
2.3 Environment variables ................................. 5
2.4 PIF file settings ..................................... 6
2.5 Command Line Switches ................................. 7
2.6 Start-up file: NOTGNU.ST .............................. 8
3. Extra Features .............................................. 10
3.1 NotStart .............................................. 10
4. notGNU Operations ........................................... 11
4.1 Mouse Operations ...................................... 11
4.2 Killing, Yanking, Cutting, Pasting .................... 12
4.3 Rectangle Operations .................................. 12
4.4 Autocompletion ........................................ 13
4.5 Minibuffer ............................................ 13
4.6 Buffer List ........................................... 14
4.7 dired ................................................. 14
4.8 query-replace, replace-string, set-case ............... 14
4.9 undo .................................................. 15
4.10 Pulldown and Popup Menus .............................. 15
4.11 Toolbar ............................................... 16
5. Basic Emacs Command Reference ............................... 16
6. Limitations and Bugs ........................................ 21
7. Frequently Asked Questions .................................. 23
8. Updates and Services ........................................ 25
8.1 Updates ............................................... 25
8.2 notGNU mailing lists .................................. 25
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference TABLE OF CONTENTS / 2
_____________
1. INTRODUCTION
_____________
notGNU - This is not the GNU Emacs Editor. A text editor similar to GNU
Emacs but much smaller and lighter.
The editor was based on MG2a, which was based on the original Conroy
emacs. Some of the basics remain the same, but the code has been
heavily modified the code to support the windowing environments,
support large files using Windows virtual memory, and to make it's
basic editing look more like GNU with a touch of Windows, or to add
whatever I needed. Your mileage may vary.
I have built it on a number of different Windows, Windows NT/Intel, and
Unix machines; others have also successfully compiling it for e.g.
Linux and NT/AXP. Source code for Unix and X11 builds is available,
see details later in the manual.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
I reserve all rights to this software, both in source and binary form.
You may freely redistribute it, as long as you do not make any profit
from it, or include it in a product sold for profit. If you make
modifications and/or bug fixes to the source, please feel obliged to
send them to me. I will maintain and support versions I distribute as
time and money allows.
Please send me mail if try this editor; I would appreciate any/all
comments. Otherwise, enjoy and find it useful; that's the overall goal.
Donations graciously accepted.
Julie Melbin, E-mail: <julie@world.std.com>
P.O.Box 1007,
Groton MA 01450
__ __ __
This document was created by Tor Slettnes on August 9, 1993; last
update was for NotGNU version 1.7 on January 23, 1995. Comments,
suggestions and questions are welcome; please send e-mail to
<tor@connectus.com>
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference INTRODUCTION / 3
___________________
2. CONFIGURING NOTGNU
___________________
After installing notGNU in a directory of your choice, it should be
possible to run the editor by typing the name of the executable or
double-clicking on the file name (Windows 3.x/95/NT). notGNU is
distributed with a sample start-up file (NOTGNU.ST) that provides some
basic default settings as well as some helpful hints on how to customize
these. The following section should provide the information required
to customize notGNU further, to suit your individual preferences.
2.1. Window settings: Size, Fonts, Colors, MenuBar
__________________________________________________
[Windows/NT versions only]
If you click once on the Windows Application Control Menu in the
upper left hand corner of the notGNU window, you will see that
there are some notGNU specific items in addition to the standard
Windows ones. Use these to control notGNU's menu bar, and "Save
Settings". From the main menu bar, you can control other
aspects of notGNU's 'properties'. "Save Settings" will save
current position and size of the window, and disable the
"Welcome!" message box from appearing every time you start
notGNU.
The settings will be saved to the file NOTGNU.INI in your Windows
directory.
2.2. Using alternative command interpreters
___________________________________________
If you want to use alternative DOS command shells, such as 4dos or
Ndos, for commands like compile, shell-command, and shell-window,
you need to do two things:
* Specify the MESHELL and MEEXEC environment variables.
* Configure the corresponding PIF file.
The following two sections will explain in further detail how to go
about this.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 4
2.3. Environment Variables
__________________________
The following environment variables will be interpreted by notGNU,
if present: HOME, MEHOME, MEEDIT, MEMAKE, MESHELL, and MEEXEC.
* HOME should point to the directory of your NOTGNU.ST or .notgnu
file. Also, notGNU temporary files, such as MExxxxx.LOG and
MYMACS.MSG, are stored here. If you do not set HOME or MEHOME,
notStart (See section 3.1: notStart) will not work properly.
Default: The directory of your executable.
* MEHOME, if present, supersedes HOME.
* MEEDIT can be used to override the default editor invoked by
'notStart'. Under Windows 3.x, notStart will normally try to
invoke 'wnot.exe', whereas under the 32-bit operating systems
Windows NT and Windows 95, it tries to invoke ntnot.exe.
MEEDIT can for instance be set to "wnot.exe" to force notStart
to always invoke 'wnot.exe'.
* MEMAKE contains the default command to suggest for compilation.
Default: "nmake" under DOS and Windows, and "make" under UNIX.
* MESHELL contains the path to the command interpreter or shell
for the Windows versions. DNOT uses %COMSPEC% instead.
Default: "command.com"
* MELOG contains the name of the log file. Default is meXXXXX.log,
where XXXXXX is a unique processid (or like).
* MEEXEC contains a format string used for spawning background
processes such as compilation in the Windows versions. Default
formats are:
Windows NT "%s /c %s 1>%s 2>&1"
Windows 3.x "%s /c %s > %s"
Each %s is substituted with, in order of appearance:
- The command interpreter to use (MESHELL)
- The compile command given by the user in the minibuffer
- The output log file name (MELOG)
If you are using 4dos or Ndos, you should insert into your
4start.btm/Nstart.btm or autoexec.bat:
set MESHELL=%COMSPEC%
set MEEXEC=`%s /c %s >& %s`
(This will redirect both stdout and stderr to the log file).
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 5
2.4. PIF file settings
______________________
[Windows versions only]
(The following is important for running background processing
under Windows 3.1*; ensuring the modified pif settings for
execution priority are set is essential. For Windows 95 or NT,
it is only required that you set MESHELL or SHELL in your
environment to effect the shell that notGNU uses to run
background processing. Tasking priority is managed differently in
the 32 bit versions of Windows)
MESHELL.PIF and COMMAND.PIF are sample Windows Program Information
Files that notGNU uses, in the absence of a MESHELL environment
variable, to execute shell-window and shell-command. They are
similar to _DEFAULT.PIF, but with increased background priority,
execution in background enabled, exclusive execution enabled, and
close window on exit.
It is important that you copy COMMAND.PIF to your Windows directory
or the directory of COMMAND.COM if you want background tasks like
'compile' to actually RUN in the background under Windows 3.x.
Failure to do so means that background jobs will run VERY VERY
SLOWLY. Also if your PIF file does not define "Close Window on
Exit", then notGNU can not tell when the spawned task is complete.
If you have specified the MESHELL environment variable, MESHELL.PIF
and COMMAND.PIF will not be used. Instead, execution parameters for
BOTH shell-command and shell-window will be read from the PIF file
that corresponds to the specification in this variable. Suppose,
for instance, that %MESHELL% points to C:\DOS\4DOS\4DOS.COM. You
would then have to edit the file C:\DOS\4DOS\4DOS.PIF, so that the
following are specified (Use the Windows PIF editor):
Advanced->Background priority: 90 or more
Execution in background : Yes
Close window on exit : Yes
Also, make sure that NO start-up directory is specified; otherwise
make/compile will not work properly.
(These are things you should do anyway, even without notGNU).
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 6
2.5. Command Line Switches
___________________________
The following switches can be given as arguments on the command line
when starting notGNU. Non-Un*x versions accept either '/' or '-' as
the switch character (ie. /x and -x for the DOS and Windows versions
are equivalent).
If an argument to a switch consists of more than one word, UNIX
shells and 4DOS will recognize double quotes (") to enclose it.
COMMAND.COM does not do this; however '_' (underscore) can be
substituted for a space, so that 'wnot -f set-default-mode_fill'
is equal to (set-default-mode 'fill) in NOTGNU.ST.
Available switches are:
-x <function> Causes <function> to be executed after the file(s)
given as arguments on the command line are loaded.
For instance, to open a file in read-only mode, use
the command:
wnot.exe -x toggle-read-only <filename>
This mode will be toggled for the first file only.
-f <function> Causes <function> to be executed as soon as notGNU
is started, before any buffers are loaded. Similar
to -f under GNU emacs. For instance, if you want
to use DNOT as a text editor, start it with the
following command:
dnot.exe -f set-default-mode_fill [filename]
-p <filename> [Windows 3.x only]
Prints file, then exits. Used for Notepad
compatibility. This switch will also work with
notStart.
-v <filename> View file; do not allow any editing. This switch
will also work with notStart.
-fg <color> [X11 only] Text color
-display <name> [X11 only] Display name
-bg <color> [X11 only] Background/Window color
-font <font> [X11 only] Font
-fg2 <color> [X11 only] Touched text color
-fg3 <color> [X11 only] Echoline and highlight color
-help [X11 only] Dumps a message
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 7
2.6. Start-up file: NOTGNU.ST
_____________________________
NOTGNU.ST (or .notgnu under Unix) will basically contain commands
that you want to be executed at start-up. Most commands that you can
execute at run-time, you can also put into this file.
2.6.1. Basic syntax
___________________
The basic syntax is similar to GNU Emacs. The commands are
enclosed in a pair of parentheses, '(' and ')':
(toggle-just-write-newline)
2.6.2. Arguments
________________
Any arguments should be preceded by the ' character:
(set-window-size '43,80)
2.6.3. OS dependent configuration
_________________________________
For operating system dependent configuration, use:
if OS (command) ; Execute command if running under OS
if !OS (command) ; Execute command if not running under OS
where OS is one of: DOS, Win3, WinNT, Unix, and X11. Note that
the syntax is case sensitive. Note also that WinNT is currently
set for the 32 bit version of notGNU under Windows NT. It will
run under Win32s support on Windows 3.1* and under Windows 95;
when Windows 95 is offically released, a id will likely be defined.
One example:
; Execute if not running DNOT.
if !DOS (toggle-just-write-newline)
2.6.4. Comments
_______________
Comments in NOTGNU.ST should be prefixed by a ; (semi-colon).
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 8
2.6.5. global-set-key
_____________________
It is also very common to specify keyboard commands in
NOTGNU.ST. Use the following syntax:
(global-set-key "\^x!" 'shell-command) ;C-x !
(global-set-key "\e[A" 'previous-line) ;ESC [ x
(global-set-key "\efx" 'save-buffers-kill-emacs) ;Alt-F x
(global-set-key "\Insert" 'set-mark-command) ;Insert key
(global-set-key "\e\Backspace" 'backward-kill-word) ;Esc BackSp
Note that on a PC, Alt-<key> and ESC <key> are nearly equivalent.
This is often refered to as the Meta key, for historical
reasons and compability with some Unix machine keyboards.
The following are legal key names on a PC:
----------------------------------------------------------------
Gray keypad | \Insert, \Delete,n
| \Home, \End, \Page-Up, \Page-Down,
| \Up-Arrow, \Down-Arrow,
| \Left-Arrow, \Right-Arrow
Ctrl + Gray | \Control-Home, \Ctrl-End,
| \Control-PgUp, \Ctrl-PgDn,
| \Control-Up, \Ctrl-Down,
| \Control-Left, \Ctrl-Right,
| \CBackspace, \CDelete
Shift + Gray | \SBackspace, \SDelete
Function keys | \F<n>
Shift + F-keys | \FS<n>
Ctrl + F-keys | \FC<n>
Shift + Ctrl + F-keys | \FCS<n>
Alt + F-keys | \FM<n>
Keypad characters | \Kp-+, \Kp--, \Kp-*, \Kp-/, \Kp-.,
| \Kp-0 .. \Kp-9 [only w/NumLock on]
Characters | <c>
Ctrl + Character | \^<c>
Alt + Character | \e<c>
Esc | \e
Tab | \^i
----------------------------------------------------------------
<n> is 1-10 for the DOS version, and 1-12 for Windows
<c> is a character
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference CONFIGURING NOTGNU / 9
_______________
3. EXTRA FEATURES
_______________
3.1. notStart
_____________
notStart is a boot manager for the Windows 3.x, Windows 95 and
Windows NT versions of notGNU. If you want to run only one instance
of notGNU at a time, you can invoke this program rather than
WNOT.EXE or NTNOT.EXE. Starting up NOTSTART.EXE with an
argument will import the filename given in the argument into the
existing notGNU window; if none exists, notStart will start a
new instance of notGNU.
By associating the appropriate file extensions in the File Manager
(or Norton Desktop etc.) with NOTSTART.EXE, you will be able to edit
the corresponding files by double-click on the file icons, even if
notGNU is already running. Note that the HOME environment variable
must be set for this to work correctly. A small file called
MYMACS.MSG will be created in the directory specified by HOME.
notStart checks the version of Windows you are running (3.1,
95 or NT) and decides whether to run the 16 bit (wnot.exe) or
32 bit (ntnot.exe) versions of notGNU. You can override notStart
by setting the environment variable MEEDIT.
Note that the MEHOME or HOME variable needs to be set for this
to work correctly. A small file called MYMACS.MSG will be
created by notStart in the directory specified by HOME, and
removed by notGNU after reading the specified file.
notStart now accepts the following command line switches:
/p Print file, then exit.
Syntax: notStart /p [filename]
/v View file (i.e. do not allow any editing).
Syntax: notStart /v [filename]
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference EXTRA FEATURES / 10
__________________
4. NOTGNU OPERATIONS
__________________
4.1. Mouse Operations
_____________________
The mouse is now supported in all versions except Unix curses.
The DOS version DNOT does not have an external clipboard available,
so all clipboard commands apply to the internal kill buffer instead.
____________________________________________________________________
Set cursor position: Left button down-up at desired position.
Resize buffer window: Left button down-drag on modeline that
separates the buffers (when multiple buffers are displayed).
delete-other-windows (windowed versions only): Double click left
button on modeline of buffer you wish to keep (same as C-x 1
while window you wish to be full screen is active).
Cut or Copy region to killbuffer: Left button down-drag over text to
be cut or copied. Mark will be set where dragging started, cursor
where it stops.
Yank: (DOS version only) Right button down-up at desired position.
See function description (C-h f) for 'toggle-mouse-paste-where'.
Insert file from drag & drop client: Drag file icon from external
application, release button at desired position in notGNU.
(Windows/NT only).
Open new buffer w/file from drag & drop client: Drag file icon from
external application, release button on the modeline, or notGNU
icon if minimized. (Windows only).
More information on an item in 'apropos' buffer:
Double-click on the item. (Windows only).
Select file from `dired' or buffer from Buffer List: Left button
double-click on filename. (Not available in DOS).
Scrolling: Left button down-drag; move mouse pointer above the top
or below the bottom of the screen pane. Wiggling the mouse will
slow the scrolling.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 11
4.2. Killing, Yanking, Cutting, Pasting
_______________________________________
The windowed versions of notGNU operate on three different
kill-buffers/clipboards for cutting and pasting purposes:
* The internal kill-buffer, with corresponding kill ring,
consulted on the following commands:
- kill-word, kill-line, kill-paragraph, kill-region
- copy-region-as-kill
- yank, yank-pop
* A separate buffer for rectangle operations. Use the commands
described in section 4.3: Rectangle Operations.
* The Windows clipboard or X11 cutbuffer 0, consulted on the
following commands (DOS version uses internal kill buffer):
- kill-region-to-clipboard
- copy-region-to-clipboard
- yank-from-clipboard.
- (Ctrl-) left button down-drag; (Ctrl-) right mouse button.
4.3. Rectangle operations
_________________________
notGNU provides GNU Emacs 19-like rectangle operations. Select a
region using the mouse, or set-mark-command followed by a cursor
movement; then type one of the following commands:
M-x copy-rectangle ; Copy rectangle between mark and cursor
M-x delete-rectangle ; Erase rectangle between mark and cursor
M-x kill-rectangle ; Cut rectangle between mark and cursor
M-x clear-rectangle ; Replace text in rectangle with blanks
M-x open-rectangle ; Insert blanks into the rectangle (*)
To yank back the rectangle buffer into the text, use
M-x yank-rectangle ; Insert rectangle buffer into text (*)
(*) TAB characters cause incorrect results in open-rectangle. Also,
yank-rectangle will not change the contents of a rectangle to
account for any yanking to a different tab offset. Use tabify
and untabify as a work around.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 12
4.4. Autocompletion
____________________
Pretty straightforward; simply press <Space> or <Tab> to complete a
filename or a command while typing in the minibuffer. For filenames,
<Space> will list all files, while <Tab> will list only directories
(useful for quick access to subdirectories in cases where the parent
directory contains many files, such as your windows directory).
'M-x set-gnu' alters the behavior of file completion such that <Tab>
attempts full completion without generating a full dired-completion
buffer, thus you lose the step-down-into-directory feature defaulted
by notGNU. <Space> attempts to complete only to token (.,-) when
filling in a file name, a'la GNU. It's still not exactly like GNU,
but it's closer.
Wildcards can be used with autocompletion. Use "*.TXT <Space>" to
list all files with extension `.TXT'. notGNU can NOT open a file
with wildcards in the name (i.e. FO*.BAR will not get you
FOO.BAR) unless you specifically use the function
find-all-files (which is only available in DOS and Windows/NT
versions).
4.5. Minibuffer
_______________
The minibuffer now accepts the following commands:
C-h, Backpace Delete character to the left of cursor
C-d, Delete Delete character at cursor
C-w Delete word to the left of cursor
C-u Delete to start of line
C-k Delete to end of line
C-b, Left arrow Move cursor left
C-f, Right arrow Move cursor right
C-a, Home Move to start of buffer
C-e, End Move to end of buffer
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 13
4.6. Buffer List
_________________
Invoked by M-x list-buffers (C-x C-b). The following commands are
available in the Buffer List:
u = Use (switch to) this buffer
s = Save this buffer
k = Kill this buffer
Windows/NT versions of notGNU support a dialogbox list of all current
buffers.
4.7. dired
___________
Invoked by M-x dired (C-x d). The following commands are available
in "dired":
r = refresh buffer
e = edit this file
f = find-file
v = view-file
d = delete this file. Cannot be undone.
m = mark for batch processing
4.8. query-replace, replace-string, set-case
____________________________________________
M-x query-replace (M-%) performs interactive string replacement with
user confirmation for each entry, while M-x replace-string performs
an unconditional replace.
The following options are available when prompted whether to replace
an occurrence with query-replace:
! = unconditionally replace the rest
. = replace this occurrence, and then skip the rest
n, DEL = do not replace this occurrence
y, SP = do replace this occurrence
^G, ESC = quit 'query-replace' mode.
After being done with one buffer, you have the option of moving to
the next buffer, skipping the next, or quitting.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 14
4.9. Undo
_________
The way undo works is a bit different from GNU emacs. In GNU, an
undo operation is itself pushed onto the undo stack. If you do
several undos in a row, it will go back in the stack, but if you do
another operation in between two undos, it will start over again
from the top (and undo your undos).
notGNU has a simpler approach; any undo will simply pop out the last
executed operation from the undo stack, and the stack will shrink.
Undo also takes an argument; 'C-u 5 M-x undo' will do 5 undos.
Undo's are stored on a per buffer basis and edits/undos in one buffer
do not effect the state in any other.
You can set the maximum depth of the undo stack to some other value
than the default 100; use M-x undo-high-threshold. Increasing the
depth increases memory usage, setting the size to 0 disables undo.
Saving the file clears the undo stack, you can also clear it by hand
with M-x empty-undo-stacks to free some memory. The amount of
memory required for each undo will vary with the complexity of the
editing changes you make. For instance, if you upcase a big region,
the whole region was saved in its old state.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 15
4.10. Pulldown and Popup menus
______________________________
Pulldown menus can be toggled on and off with the "Window Menu"
items in the application control menu in the upper left corner
or the notGNU window. Once enabled, items in it can be selected
by pulling the menus down with the left mouse button.
A popup menu is also available; by default bound to the right
mouse button. You can add and delete items from this menu,
using the following functions:
add-separator-to-popup, add-to-popup, clear-popup,
default-popup, popup-menu, remove-from-popup, set-popup-button.
You can get more information on each of via `M-x describe-function'.
Hint: Do an 'M-x apropos RET popup RET'; and from the list that
now appears, double-click on certain functions to obtain
descriptions for them.
Use ``M-x set-popup-button'' to select whether the popup menu should
be on the left or right mouse button (Default: right). The original
function on this button will then be on Ctrl + Button.
4.11. Toolbar
_____________
In addition to or instead of the pulldown and popup menus, you
can choose to have a toolbar displayed at the top of the
screen. To enable the toolbar, pull down the "Properties"
menu, choose "Toolbar", and check the "Show Toolbar" item.
To modify its contents, use the functions:
add-space-to-toolbar, add-to-toolbar, clear-toolbar,
default-toolbar, remove-from-toolbar, and show-toolbar
You can also do this through an interactive dialogue box,
in which case notGNU will automatically insert appropriate
statemtents in your startup file (But not save until you
confirm). Choose "Customize Toolbar" from within the
"Toolbar" item in the "Properties" menu.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference NOTGNU OPERATIONS / 16
______________________________
5. BASIC EMACS COMMAND REFERENCE
______________________________
This is an overview of some of the more common commands available in
notGNU. If you are new to emacs, it may be a good idea to get a hardcopy
of the following pages, and keep them next to your workstation.
Complete function descriptions are available via M-x describe-command,
and in the file NOTGNU.FUN. This file is also formatted for printing.
First a word on notation:
C-h = Control-H. Hold down the Control key, and press H.
M-h = Meta-H. Some computers do indeed have a Meta key, others may
label it differently. Look for "Alt", "Extended Char", etc.
If your computer does not have such a key, you can use Esc.
To obtain M-h, you would press and release Esc, then press H.
On a PC, M-h means Alt + H.
NG = notGNU specific function, not defined in GNU emacs.
HW = Hardwired (non-bindable) key, cannot be changed.
HK = Hardwired key command, not available as named command via M-x.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
|
C-b, C-f, C-p, C-n | backward-char, forward-char,
or arrow keys | previous-line, next-line
| Moves cursor left, right, up, and down.
|
M-b, M-f | backward-word, forward-word
C-Left, C-right (NG)| Moves the cursor one word backward or
| forward.
|
C-a, C-e | beginning-of-line, end-of-line
or Home, End | Moves to the beginning or end of line.
|
C-v, M-v | scroll-up, scroll-down
or PgDn, PgUp | Jumps one screen full down or up
|
C-d | delete-char
Backspace | delete-backward-char
| Delete one character
|
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference BASIC COMMAND REFERENCE / 16
C-Up (HW, NG)| scroll-one-line-down
C-Down (HW, NG)| scroll-one-line-up
|
C-Tab (HW, NG)| hard-tab
| Insert a <TAB> character
|
Tab (NG)| half-tab
| Insert spaces until the next half tab.
|
C-@ | set-mark-command
or C-Space | Sets the mark at the cursor position, thus
| defining the start (end) of the region.
|
C-g | keyboard-quit
| If you have started a complex command
| (described below), but you do not want to
| complete it, this command can be used to
| abort it.
|
C-h | [Help prefix]
C-h a, C-h b, | apropos, describe-bindings,
C-h c, C-h d | describe-key-briefly, list-key-names
C-h f | describe-function
| Various help commands
|
C-k | kill-line
| Cuts to end-of-line if there is anything
| in it; if not, delete the line itself.
| Two C-k's deletes a line with text.
|
C-l | recenter
| Redraws the screen and places the line with
| the cursor in the middle. can also be used
| to clean the screen if it should `mess up'
| for some reason.
|
C-q | quoted-insert
| The next character you type in is inserted
| no matter if it is a control character or
| not. If, however, you type C-q and 3 octal
| digits, the appropriate ascii-code will be
| inserted. (e.g. C-q 145' would be equivalent
| to 'e').
|
|
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notGNU 1.7 reference BASIC COMMAND REFERENCE / 17
C-r, C-s | isearch-backward, isearch-forward
| Search as you type; and move the cursor to
| the closest occurrence of the string typed
| so far.
|
C-u | universal-argument
| Type in a number and a command, and that
| command will be executed the appropriate
| number of times. 'C-u 79 -' will for
| instance insert 79 hyphens.
|
C-w, M-w | kill-region, copy-region-as-kill
| Cut or copy the current region between
| mark and cursor to the kill buffer.
| See also: C-@ : set-mark-command
|
C-y | yank
| `Paste' the text in the kill buffer. Used
| after cutting with C-k or C-w, or copying
| with M-w.
|
C-x, C-x 4 | c-x prefix, c-x 4 prefix
| Special prefix characters, applied to
| this and other window, respectively.
|
C-x C-c | save-buffers-kill-emacs
| Exit. If there are modified buffers,
| emacs will ask if you want to save them.
|
C-x C-f | find-file
| Load a file into a new buffer. This is
| one of the most frequently used commands.
|
C-x C-l, C-x C-u | downcase-region, upcase-region
| Change the case of the text inside region.
|
C-x C-s | save-buffer
| Save current buffer!
|
C-x C-w | write-file
| Save current buffer, and prompt for
| filename. default is `current' name, just
| like C-x C-s
|
|
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference BASIC COMMAND REFERENCE / 18
C-x C-x | exchange-point-and-mark
| Put the cursor at the mark, and set the
| mark where the cursor was.
|
C-x b | switch-to-buffer
| If editing more than one file, switch to
| another file.
|
C-x i | insert-file
| Inserts a file into the current text.
|
C-x k | kill-buffer
| 'Quit' this file.
|
C-x o | other-window
| Puts the cursor in another window, if any.
| see split-window-vertically below.
|
C-x s | save-some-buffers
| Save all modified buffers
|
C-x u | undo
| Undo the last operation and pop it off
| the undo stack.
|
M-C-Up (HK, NG)| <no name>
| Move cursor to previous screen pane
|
M-C-Down (HK, NG)| <no name>
| Move cursor to next screen pane
|
M-% | query-replace
| Replace one string with another, and asks
| for confirmation every time.
|
M-^ | delete-indentation
| Join with line above, squish out spaces.
|
M-c, M-l, M-u | capitalize-word, upcase-word, downcase-word
| Change the case of word under cursor.
|
M-d | kill-word
| Cut a word to the internal kill buffer.
|
|
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notGNU 1.7 reference BASIC COMMAND REFERENCE / 19
M-m (NG)| delete-line
| Kill entire line, regardless of pointer
| position, including trailing newline
| character.
|
M-q | fill-paragraph
| Reorder the text in this paragraph,
| making the lines fairly adjusted based
| on fill column.
|
M-w | copy-region-as-kill
| See C-w : kill-region
|
M-x | execute-extended-command
| Do any emacs command; including the more
| complex ones that are not assigned to any
| key or key sequence. To find the current
| line number, for example, type
| 'M-x what-line'.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference BASIC COMMAND REFERENCE / 20
_____________________
6. LIMITATIONS AND BUGS
_____________________
The following is a list of some of notGNU's limitations, and some
of its known bugs. If you discover strange behaviors that are not
described here, please report these to the author; her address is
listed in the introduction.
Size limitations: File size is limited only by the amount of available
memory. Although DNOT endeavors to be a small yet fully functional
editor, a typical DOS system (640K) will only have 200-250K
available for editing (this limit can be extended slightly by
disabling the undo stack). On Unix and Windows versions, file size
depends on the amount of virtual memory. File names should not
contain more than 1000 bytes. Although you can create a buffer with
a longer name DOS/Windows versions will truncate the name to use the
DOS limit of 8 + 3. Also, DOS/Windows version files are `limited' to
32,767 characters per line.
Windows 95, or Windows NT running on NTFS or VFAT formatted
drives can support filenames longer than 8.3, case preservation,
etc, and notGNU in it's 32 bit (NTNOT.EXE) form will recongize and
support these extensions.
Limited mouse support in DOS version (dnot.exe):
o There is no external clipboard available for the DOS version,
so mouse operations make use of the internal kill buffer.
o Double-click operations are not supported.
o The text in the topmost pane/buffer on the screen cannot be
scrolled down by highlighting regions with the mouse, since
the mouse cannot move outside the top of the screen.
No TeX, Lisp or Info: These are currently beyond the scope of
notGNU.
No binary file support: notGNU is designed to run under both
Unix and DOS; it reads a file in either format and writes
it in desired format. This sometimes means converting ^M^J
(carriage-return line-feed) to just ^J (line-feed) or
vice-versa.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference LIMITATIONS AND BUGS / 21
Timestamp checking and write-file: Timestamp checking will not
save you from overwriting a file if you use write-file
directly. Perhaps the buffer should have a timestamp
when created that can be checked against a file?
Start-up file processing: can be confused. Also, some commands
that require a user action will stop it. Note that if you
put (set-fg-color) in the start-up file, that Window's
dialog boxes will pop up on Windows 3.x/NT, but X11
versions take a command line argument and thus work. In
addition, broken syntax may have the incredibly nasty
effect of crashing the editor.
Norton Desktop Bugs: Drag and drop to an iconized window, as well
as printing with the /p flag, do not work properly with Norton
Desktop. Instead, these operations will insert an internal
message into the first line in the current buffer.
Some keys are hardwired: The hardwired keys are not perfectly
friendly, but it was much easier to do a couple things that way.
Nested load-file does not work: You can not do (load-file foo)
inside a start-up file, etc.
TAB with open-rectangle and yank-rectangle: These functions do not
correctly account for TAB characters in the text.
Iconified notGNU disables screen saver? According to sources, the
problem relates to bugs in various Windows video drivers.
describe-bindings: 'C-h b', or describe-bindings, does not list
meta or ESC key bindings properly.
OS/2 anormalities: notGNU is not compiled for OS/2 and does
not recognize "if OS/2" or "!if OS/2" statements running WNOT.EXE
under WinOS2 or DNOT.EXE under OS/2 DOS window mode.
SunOS anormalities: Sun-OS, as well as some other UNIX clones, do
not provide the path of the executable in argv[0]; notGNU will
therefore not be able to find the function description file
notgnu.fun or any configuration files in this directory. Use a
shell-script or alias to invoke notGNU with full path name to
work around.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference LIMITATIONS AND BUGS / 22
___________________________
7. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
___________________________
Q) When running iconized, 'make' and 'compile' are S-L-O-W!
A) Copy the file COMMAND.PIF to your windows directory, or if you are
using an alternative command interpreter, edit its PIF file.
See Section 3.5, MESHELL.PIF, COMMAND.PIF and 3.6, Using an
Alternative Command Interpreter.
Q) How do I list available commands?
A) Use ``C-h a'' or ``M-x apropos'', then specify your argument.
If you want to list all commands, just press RET. For more detailed
description of a given command, use ``M-x describe-function'', bound
to ``C-h f''.
Q) Why do the menu items look the way they do in the window menu?
A) The commands look like M-x extended commands, and indeed they they are
taken out of the same command table the editor uses. There will probably
not be a mode to list the English equivalents.
Q) Will there be an extension language?
A) Someday maybe. Never say never, but remember this is a small(ish)
editor and not everyone has tons of disk or ram. Remember this answer
in regards to features which are outside the mainstream. :)
Q) Is there a way to save macros to disk and/or incorporate them in the
NOTGNU.ST file?
A) You can not save a macro per-se yet; naming and saving kbd
macros is under construction at the moment.
Q) What is the file MYMACS.MSG?
A) This is an internal message "batch" file created by notStart, to
inform WNOT or NTNOT about files to load etc.
Q) DOS version doesn't use extended memory. Can it be changed?
A) No and Yes. DOS version now reads bios console size and
set-window-size works . If enough people beat me up and I get a
32 bit compiler, other things may also change..
At one point, a kind soul was compiling dnot with the Semantic
compiler and thus there was dxnot (a full 32 bit editor which
could use extended memory).
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS / 23
Q) [Julie:] On a SUN 4, running OS 4.1.3 and X11R5 the editor runs and
appears to be the same as that on the HP. I had thought that the
mouse cut and paste worked in these versions as they do for the
DOS Windows version, however this is not correct, or I do not
understand what to do. I can highlight text by dragging the mouse
with the left button depressed, but when the button is released
the highlight goes away. Also the middle mouse button always drops
what is in the standard X-Windows mouse buffer, not was I thought
I was marking in the editor window.
A) Here's what's going on, I think. Most xterms and newer X11 apps
don't use cutbuffer-0 anymore. Well, actually xterms seem to look
for both, and x cutbuffer 0 has lower precedence. On my HP-UX
X11R5, if any xterm or other app has a current selection, the
behavior you describe occurs. If I make the xterm lose selection
(shows no highlight) then mb1-drag mb2 click pastes as expected.
Framemaker however won't look at cutbuffer-0 content, phooie. I'm
thinking of `upgrading' notGNU to use the newer X clipboard stuff
sometime in the future.
Q) notGNU sounded interesting, until I read it doesn't have XXXX
A) Thanks for your comment, it will count as a `vote' for further
development! :-)
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS / 24
_____________________
8. UPDATES AND SERVICES
_____________________
8.1. NotGNU Home Page
_____________________
If you have access to the World Wide Web, you may want to
check out the NotGNU home page:
http://www.connectus.com/~tor/notgnu.html
8.2. Updates
____________
The newest release of notGNU will at any time be available via
anonymous FTP to:
ftp.connectus.com, directory /pub/Home/tor/notgnu/*
ftp.netcom.com, directory /pub/no/notgnu/*
The following files are available:
INFO.TXT - Information on current status of notGNU etc.
UPDATES.TXT - Description of recent changes in notGNU.
dnotXX.exe - DOS version, self-extracting
wnotXX.exe - Windows version, self-extracting
ntnotXX.exe - Windows NT/Intel version, self-extracting
The files can also be obtained via e-mail by sending a request to
<notgnu-request@netcom.com>, with or more "SEND packet"
commands in the body of your message. 'packet' can be one of:
INFO - General information about notGNU
UPDATES - Description of recent changes in notGNU.
DNOT - Released binaries w/doc, DOS
WNOT - Released binaries w/doc, Windows
NTNOT - Released binaries w/doc, Windows NT
DNOT-ALPHA - Newest alpha/beta binaries, DOS
WNOT-ALPHA - Newest alpha/beta binaries, Windows
NTNOT-ALPHA - Newest alpha/beta binaries, Windows NT
See the next section for more information on notgnu-request.
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference UPDATES AND SERVICES / 25
8.3. notGNU mailing lists
_________________________
The following three notGNU mailing lists are available:
* notGNU-list is a forum for exchange of experiences, problem
reports, and general discussions among notGNU users.
Current number of subscribers: ~160.
* The announcement list is used for notification of new releases
(major and beta), and other notGNU related information.
Current number of subscribers: ~250.
* The alpha upload list receives an automated notice every time
a new file is uploaded to the Alpha directory.
Current number of subscribers: ~30.
* Subscribers of the binaries distribution list will receive new
DOS and Windows 3.x releases (major and beta) via e-mail as soon
as they are out. Current number of subscribers: ~100.
To subscribe to either of these lists, please send e-mail to
<notgnu-request@connectus.com>, with the following syntax in
the body of your message:
COMMAND [args] [TO|AS your-address@host.domain (Your Name)]
`COMMAND' can be one of:
SUBSCRIBE list - Join 'list'
UNSUBSCRIBE list - Leave 'list'
REVIEW list - List subscribers of 'list' (notGNU-list only)
WHICH - Tell what lists you are subscribed to.
CHANGE address - Update 'address'
SEND packet [n] - Send 'packet'; [n] is optional splitsize.
INDEX - List available files
HELP - Help with syntax
SERVERINFO - Information on the autoreplyer program
`list' can be one of:
NOTGNU-LIST - Interactive discussions
NOTGNU-ANNOUNCE - Information on updates, bugs, etc.
NOTGNU-ALPHA - Notice of alpha uploads
NOTGNU-DISTRIB - Automatically receive new releases via e-mail
Examples:
send dnot 60
subscribe notgnu-list as address@host.domain (Real Name)
change oldaddress to Real Name <newaddress@host.domain>
help
________________________________________________________________________
notGNU 1.7 reference UPDATES AND SERVICES / 26